TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• in Py nanodisks [1][2] with independent polarity and helicity [3]. Since then, many studies have been done on manipulating magnetic vortices inside Py nanodisks using micromagnetic simulations [4][5][6] and a variety of magnetic measurement techniques including magnetic force microscopy [7

In situ transport characterization of magnetic states in Nb/Co superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

• Olena M. Kapran,
• Roman Morari,
• Taras Golod,
• Evgenii A. Borodianskyi,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Andrei Prepelita,
• Nikolay Klenov,
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 913–923, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.68

• that the initial stage of remagnetization from P to AP state is fully reversible, see curve-1 in Figure 3b. Micromagnetic simulations show that such a stage corresponds to monodomain coherent rotation of magnetizations in neighbor F-layers in opposite directions in a scissor-like manner [34][37]. As

• seen from Figure 3d, the hysteresis appears abruptly upon switching into the AP state. The AP state is magnetostatically stable and therefore persists in a certain field range. However, switching from AP to the opposite P state occurs gradually, which according to micromagnetic simulations indicates

On the relaxation time of interacting superparamagnetic nanoparticles and implications for magnetic fluid hyperthermia

• Andrei Kuncser,
• Nicusor Iacob and
• Victor E. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1280–1289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.127

• static and time-dependent micromagnetic simulations. Keywords: magnetic hyperthermia; magnetic nanoparticles; magnetic relaxation time; micromagnetic simulation; Introduction Magnetic relaxation phenomena in nanoparticulate systems are under intensive investigation today, especially due to their

• measurements and (iii) to provide theoretical support for the specific evolution of the relaxation time constant and the anisotropy energy barrier in the Néel expression as function of interparticle interaction through a suitable exploitation of static and time-dependent micromagnetic simulations. Results and

• should be taken into account in hyperthermia biomedical applications, which has also been reported in other previous studies [34][35]. Theoretical investigation of the relaxation time by micromagnetic simulations The dynamic magnetic behavior of parallelepiped nanoparticles with specific configurations

Size limits of magnetic-domain engineering in continuous in-plane exchange-bias prototype films

• Alexander Gaul,
• Daniel Emmrich,
• Timo Ueltzhöffer,
• Henning Huckfeldt,
• Hatice Doğanay,
• Johanna Hackl,
• Muhammad Imtiaz Khan,
• Daniel M. Gottlob,
• Gregor Hartmann,
• André Beyer,
• Dennis Holzinger,
• Slavomír Nemšák,
• Claus M. Schneider,
• Armin Gölzhäuser,
• Günter Reiss and
• Arno Ehresmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2968–2979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.276

• electron microscopy (X-PEEM) and investigating the magnetic charge state of the DWs by magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The experiments have been corroborated by micromagnetic simulations. Results and Discussion The ion bombardment induced magnetic pattering of artificial domains in exchange-bias

• charged DWs it is a priori not possible to correlate the MFM signal to the magnetization configuration, as there is no one-to-one correspondence of these two quantities [43]. Therefore, we performed micromagnetic simulations in OOMMF for the domain shapes of Figure 4a–d. The resulting spatial

• imaged with a 43 μm field of view. One image pixel represents a sample area of 65 nm × 65 nm. Of particular note is that the XMCD signal Δ of the partial electron yield of the two respective helicities (Δ = (Iσ+ − Iσ−)/(Iσ+ + Iσ−)) is proportional to . Micromagnetic simulations Micromagnetic simulations

Magnetism and magnetoresistance of single Ni–Cu alloy nanowires

• Andreea Costas,
• Camelia Florica,
• Elena Matei,
• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Andrei Kuncser,
• Victor Kuncser and
• Ionut Enculescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2345–2355, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.219

• with the saturation magnetization. Therefore, before discussing the specific aspects of the magnetic reversal mechanisms accompanying the above mentioned magnetoresistive behavior, micromagnetic simulations on this type of nanowires will be considered in detail. Nanowires with high aspect ratio (1:10

• [27]. However, the above estimations allowed us to perform micromagnetic simulations on similar cylindrical magnetic structures of high aspect ratio with saturation magnetizations of about 105 A·m−1 and stiffness constants of about 10−22 J·m−1 (as specific to Ni and Ni alloys) [31][32]. The

• -dependent micromagnetic simulations. Such a fast movement of the domain walls cannot be sensed in a static hysteresis loop, which will change “instantaneously” the direction of the magnetization at the “switching field” similar to the case of a S–W-like coherent rotation. Moreover, there is an equivalent

Field-controlled ultrafast magnetization dynamics in two-dimensional nanoscale ferromagnetic antidot arrays

• Anulekha De,
• Sucheta Mondal,
• Sourav Sahoo,
• Saswati Barman,
• Yoshichika Otani,
• Rajib Kumar Mitra and
• Anjan Barman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1123–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.104

• micromagnetic simulations have been exploited to study the magnetization precession and spin-wave modes of the antidot lattice with varying lattice constant and in-plane orientation of the bias-magnetic field. A remarkable variation in the spin-wave modes with the orientation of in-plane bias magnetic field is

• triangular holes in future magnonic and spintronic devices. Keywords: ferromagnetic antidot lattice; magnonic crystal; micromagnetic simulations; spin-wave modes; time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect; Introduction Recent advances in nanofabrication techniques have resulted in artificially patterned

• investigated the variation in the nature of the extended and quantized SW modes in such systems by changing the strength and orientation of the in-plane bias-magnetic field and the lattice constant of the array. Micromagnetic simulations have also been performed to understand and interpret the experimental

Magnetic switching of nanoscale antidot lattices

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Joachim Gräfe,
• Kristof M. Lebecki,
• Maxim Skripnik,
• Felix Haering,
• Gisela Schütz,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Eberhard Goering and
• Ulrich Nowak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 733–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.65

• for non-close packed voids in a magnetic film. We present a magnetometry protocol based on magneto-optical Kerr microscopy elucidating the switching modes using first-order reversal curves. The combination of various magnetometry and magnetic microscopy techniques as well as micromagnetic simulations

• ; magnetic nanostructures; magnetic switching; micromagnetic simulations; plasma etching; spin ice; X-ray microscopy; Introduction In nanotechnology, a widely used approach for tailoring physical properties on the nanometre length scale is the introduction of practically circular holes – so-called antidots

• application of micromagnetic simulations leads to a detailed understanding of the switching modes of specific sample geometries. We highlight that even anisotropic magnetoresistance curves can be simulated in good agreement with experiments. In the second part, we first focus on the detailed discussion of the

Influence of the shape and surface oxidation in the magnetization reversal of thin iron nanowires grown by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Luis A. Rodríguez,
• Lorenz Deen,
• Rosa Córdoba,
• César Magén,
• Etienne Snoeck,
• Bert Koopmans and
• José M. De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1319–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.136

• indicate that these wires have a bell-type shape with a surface oxide layer of about 5 nm. Such features are decisive in the actual value of HC as micromagnetic simulations demonstrate. These results will help to make appropriate designs of magnetic nanowires grown by FEBID. Keywords: coercive field

• coercive field as a function of dimensions and carrying out micromagnetic simulations, we are able to conclude that the specific shape of the nanowire as well as the surface oxidation are key to explain the observed behavior. These will determine the effective magnetic shape of the nanowires, which will

• is caused by a transition in the type of magnetization reversal process, which led us to perform micromagnetic simulations to investigate this possibility. Given the previous knowledge regarding the influence of the halo [31] and the effective magnetic shape [27] in the coercive field of FEBID

Manipulation of magnetic vortex parameters in disk-on-disk nanostructures with various geometry

• Maxim E. Stebliy,
• Alexander G. Kolesnikov,
• Alexey V. Ognev,
• Alexander S. Samardak and
• Ludmila A. Chebotkevich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 697–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.70

• -optical Kerr effect (MOKE) magnetometer are supported by the magnetic force microscopy imaging and micromagnetic simulations. Keywords: hysteresis; magnetic vortex; magnetization reversal; micromagnetic structure; Introduction Magnetic nanostructures have a wide range of unique properties that

• of the vortex nucleation process as well as the vortex core trajectory under an impact of bias fields have been observed. Experimental findings have been interpreted by micromagnetic simulations [9]. Results and Discussion Figure 1a shows scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of disk-on-disk

• /Ms was observed in nanostructures with s = 170 nm. To understand the physics of magnetization reversal in disk-on-disk nanostructures, micromagnetic simulations and MFM measurements were conducted. Calculated hysteresis loops are shown in the bottom row of Figure 1c. As can be observed seen, the

Tuning the properties of magnetic thin films by interaction with periodic nanostructures

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Felix Haering,
• Stefan Nau,
• Carsten Schulze,
• Herbert Schletter,
• Denys Makarov,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Karsten Kuepper,
• Manfred Albrecht,
• Johannes Boneberg and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 831–842, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.93

• deviation can be understood, in part, by taking into account the distribution of easy axes within the nanocaps following the surface curvature. This necessarily leads to a rather incoherent magnetization reversal process in an individual cap [39], which has also been demonstrated by micromagnetic

• simulations [32]. Conclusion On the way towards alternative magnetic storage media, we have tested possible realizations of percolated media, consisting of magnetic films on top of periodic nanostructures. Such structures, realized by particle self-assembly techniques are able to effectively pin magnetic

Distinguishing magnetic and electrostatic interactions by a Kelvin probe force microscopy–magnetic force microscopy combination

• Miriam Jaafar,
• Oscar Iglesias-Freire,
• Luis Serrano-Ramón,
• Manuel Ricardo Ibarra,
• Jose Maria de Teresa and
• Agustina Asenjo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 552–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.59

• -plane coercive field higher than the magnetic field values to be applied in the experiments. In addition, micromagnetic simulations have been performed by means of the object oriented micromagnetic framework (OOMMF) code [41] and with the polycrystalline cobalt values [37] and a cell size of 5 nm. As

Review and outlook: from single nanoparticles to self-assembled monolayers and granular GMR sensors

• Alexander Weddemann,
• Inga Ennen,
• Anna Regtmeier,
• Camelia Albon,
• Annalena Wolff,
• Katrin Eckstädt,
• Nadine Mill,
• Michael K.-H. Peter,
• Jochen Mattay,
• Carolin Plattner,
• Norbert Sewald and
• Andreas Hütten

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 75–93, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.10

• is free to rotate while magnetization of the lower CoFeB layer is fixed by an artificial antiferromagnet. From micromagnetic simulations, we can conclude the equilibrium magnetic configuration of the free sensing layer: Without any external influences, the magnetization would align parallel to the

• sufficient to neglect the interaction of particles with a distance more than five times the average particle radius [71]. By integrating Equation 12 and employing the solution of the equilibrium configuration for micromagnetic simulations of the free sensing layer, the data shown in Figure 13(a) (blue